Block Header
The small fixed part of a block that mining hashes.
The block header is a compact summary of a block, on most chains exactly 80 bytes. It holds the version, the previous block hash, the merkle root, a timestamp, the difficulty bits and the nonce.
Mining hashes only the header, never the transactions themselves. That is what makes billions of attempts a second possible: each attempt rehashes 80 bytes rather than a whole block.
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